Health Inspection Report
CHINA PALACE in CHICAGO, IL Failed Its Health Inspection on 04/11/23
CHICAGO, IL
Published: August 21, 2025
CHICAGO, IL - Health inspectors documented violations at CHINA PALACE during a routine inspection conducted on 04/11/2023.
Located at 1129 W THORNDALE AVE in the Edgewater area, the establishment serves the local community. The Edgewater neighborhood maintains numerous food service establishments that undergo regular health monitoring.
The inspection identified 5 distinct violations requiring correction. These findings represent specific conditions observed during the inspection that must be addressed to meet health code requirements.
The first violation related to hand hygiene and handwashing facilities. Inspectors documented: Adequate Handwashing Sinks Properly Supplied and Accessible - Comments: Noted No Paper Towels at the Bathroom Hand Wash Sink. Instructed to Have Soap and Paper Towels at All Hand Washing Sinks. Priority Foundation #7-38-030(c). Citation Issued.. According to FDA guidelines, proper handwashing with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds is the single most effective way to prevent foodborne illness transmission. For more information, see FDA handwashing requirements. Fecal-oral transmission of pathogens occurs when hands are not properly washed after restroom use.
The second violation involved hand hygiene and handwashing facilities. Inspectors documented: Adequate Handwashing Sinks Properly Supplied and Accessible - Comments: Noted No Hand Wash Sink the Front Prep Area (hand Wash Sink Removed By Owner). Additional Hand Wash Sink Needed. Priority Foundation Violation #7-38-030(c). Citation Issued.. According to FDA guidelines, proper handwashing with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds is the single most effective way to prevent foodborne illness transmission. For more information, see FDA handwashing requirements. Inadequate handwashing can transmit Norovirus, Hepatitis A, and other pathogens directly to food.
The third violation concerned pest management. Inspectors documented: Insects, Rodents, & Animals Not Present - Comments: Noted Rear Exit Not Rodent Proof with Gap at the Bottom of Door (about 1/4 Inch). Instructed to Seal Gaps to Prevent Entry Points for Pests.. The FDA Food Code requires establishments to eliminate conditions that attract and harbor pests, including proper waste management and facility maintenance. For more information, see FDA pest control standards. Cockroaches can spread E. coli and Salmonella by contaminating food and surfaces.
The fourth violation related to pest management. Inspectors documented: Contamination Prevented During Food Preparation, Storage & Display - Comments: Food Containers Stored on Floor in Prep, Storage and Walk-in Cooler. Must Provide Proper, Raised Shelving to Store Food Containers 6" Off Floor.. The FDA Food Code requires establishments to eliminate conditions that attract and harbor pests, including proper waste management and facility maintenance. For more information, see FDA pest control standards. Flies can transfer pathogens from garbage and feces to food preparation areas.
The fifth violation concerned hand hygiene and handwashing facilities. Inspectors documented: Utensils, Equipment & Linens: Properly Stored, Dried, & Handled - Comments: Noted Knives Stored Between Prep. According to FDA guidelines, proper handwashing with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds is the single most effective way to prevent foodborne illness transmission. For more information, see FDA handwashing requirements. Inadequate handwashing can transmit Norovirus, Hepatitis A, and other pathogens directly to food.
The correction of health violations is monitored through follow-up inspections and documentation requirements. Establishments must demonstrate that they have addressed the root causes of violations, not just the immediate symptoms.
This inspection data is provided by Chicago Department of Public Health. The establishment had violations identified during the 04/11/2023 inspection. Conditions may have changed since this inspection. For current compliance status, consult the Chicago Department of Public Health. For more information about restaurant inspection regulations in this area, visit the Chicago Food Service Sanitation Rules. Learn more about food safety at FDA.gov and CDC.gov.
Frequently Asked Questions
When was this inspection conducted?
This inspection was conducted on August 21, 2025.
Who conducted this inspection?
Chicago Department of Public Health
What violations were found during this inspection?
The following violations were documented: NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: MUST NOT USE CARDBOARD AS LINER FOR SHELVING THROUGHOUT THE FACILITY.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: BLACKENED, MOLDY WALL CAULKING AT THE KITCHEN TWO COMPARTMENT SINK. MUST REPLACE.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: ADDITIONAL CLEANING OF FOOD SPLATTER ON WALLS IN THE DRY BULK FOOD STORAGE ROOM AND AT THE REAR THREE COMPARTMENT SINK. INSTRUCTED TO CLEAN AND MAINTAIN ALL.; ADEQUATE HANDWASHING SINKS PROPERLY SUPPLIED AND ACCESSIBLE - Comments: NOTED NO PAPER TOWELS LOCATED AT THE KITCHEN HAND WASHING SINK. MUST PROVIDE PAPER TOWELS AT ALL TIMES AT ALL HAND WASHING SINKS FOR PROPER HAND WASHING. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-38-030 CITATION ISSUED.; PROPER DATE MARKING AND DISPOSITION - Comments: NOTED ASSORTED COOKED TCS FOODS SUCH AS CHICKEN AND EGG ROLLS THROUGHOUT THE TALL REACH-IN AND WALK-IN COOLER WITHOUT DATE LABELS. NO LABELS OF ANY KIND ON FOODS. REVIEWED ALL PREPARED TCS FOODS HELD LONGER THAN 24 HOURS MUST BE DATE LABELED WITH AN EXPIRATION DATE NO LONGER THAN 7 DAYS. ALL FOODS DISCARDED. PRIORITY FOUNDATION 7-38-005 CITATION ISSUED.; APPROVED THAWING METHODS USED - Comments: OBSERVED MEATS BEING IMPROPERLY THAWED AT ROOM TEMPERATURE. REVIEWED PROPER THAWING METHODS. MANAGER REMOVED.; INSECTS, RODENTS, & ANIMALS NOT PRESENT - Comments: NOTED APPROXIMATELY 75 MICE DROPPINGS ALONG BASEBOARDS AND ON SHELVING IN THE DRY BULK FOOD STORAGE ROOM. 10 TO 15 DROPPING ALONG BASEBOARD IN THE HALLWAY TO THE REAR. INSTRUCTED TO REMOVE ALL DROPPINGS, SANITIZE ALL AFFECTED AREAS AND RECOMMEND HAVING PEST CO. SERVICE FOR MICE. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-38-020(A) CITATION ISSUED.; WIPING CLOTHS: PROPERLY USED & STORED - Comments: ALL PREP AREA WIPING CLOTHS MUST BE HELD IN A CONTAINER WITH A SANITIZING SOLUTION BETWEEN USE.; SINGLE-USE/SINGLE-SERVICE ARTICLES: PROPERLY STORED & USED - Comments: ALL STORED ITEMS THROUGHOUT THE REAR STORAGE ROOM MUST BE ELEVATED FROM THE FLOORS AND ORGANIZED.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: MUST NOT USE PLASTIC GROCERY BAGS AS FOOD CONTAINERS THROUGHOUT THE COOLERS AND FREEZERS.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: MUST NOT USE USED TIN CANS FOR FOOD STORAGE IN COOLERS.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: TABLETOP CAN OPENER WITH ENCRUSTED FOOD DEBRIS. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: EXTERIOR OF COOLERS, COOLER HANDLES WITH FOOD DEBRIS AND GREASE.----EXCESSIVE GREASE ON ALL WOK LINE EQUIPMENT, IN BETWEEN WOK AND FRYER. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.----MUST NOT USE CARDBOARD AS LINER FOR SHELVING THROUGHOUT THE FACILITY.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: EXCESSIVE GREASE ON THE WOK LIN EXHAUST HOOD AND HOOD FILTERS DRIPPING DOWN FROM THE FILTERS. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: BLACKENED, MOLDY WALL CAULKING AT THE KITCHEN TWO COMPARTMENT SINK. MUST REPLACE.----WATER DAMAGED CEILING TILE IN THE WASHROOM. MUST REPLACE.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: EXCESSIVE GREASE AND FOOD DEBRIS NOTED ON FLOORS UNDER THE WOK LINE, UNDER ALL KITCHEN EQUIPMENT AND FLOORS THROUGHOUT THE FACILITY.----EXCESSIVE FOOD SPLATTER ON WALLS IN THE DRY BULK FOOD STORAGE ROOM AND AT THE REAR THREE COMPARTMENT SINK. INSTRUCTED TO CLEAN AND MAINTAIN ALL.---- NOTED A RAW WOODEN FLOOR IN THE WALK-IN COOLER. MUST PROVIDE A SMOOTH, CLEANABLE, NONABSORBENT FLOOR THROUGHOUT THE WALK-IN COOLER.; PREVIOUS CORE VIOLATION CORRECTED - Comments: PREVIOUS CORE VIOLATIONS FROM 4-23-24 REPORT #2593265 NOT CORRECTED. #55-- FLOOR THROUGHOUT THE INSIDE THE WALK-IN COOLERS WITH DIRT, GREASE AND DEBRIS. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.#57- NO PROOF OF FOOD HANDLER TRAINING OR CERTIFICATES FOR ALL REQUIRED EMPLOYEES. MUST PROVIDE. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-42-090 CITATION ISSUED.; PROPER COLD HOLDING TEMPERATURES - Comments: OBSERVED APPROXIMATELY 100 LBS COOKED CHICKEN IN VARIOUS CONTAINERS IN THE TALL REACH-IN GLASS DOOR COOLER HELD AT IMPROPER TEMPERATURES RANGING BETWEEN 45.6F TO 55.7F. ALL FOODS DISCARDED. PRIORITY VIOLATION 7-38-005 CITATION ISSUED.; PROPER DATE MARKING AND DISPOSITION - Comments: NOTED APPROXIMATELY 200 LBS PREPARED FOODS THROUGHOUT STORAGE COOLERS AND WALK-IN COOLER NOT PROPERLY DATE LABELED WITH EXPIRATION DATES. NO LABELS FOUND ON ANY PREPARED FOODS. REVIEWED REQUIREMENTS FOR DATE LABELING FOODS. ALL FOODS DISCARDED. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-38-005 CITATION ISSUED.; PROPER COOLING METHODS USED; ADEQUATE EQUIPMENT FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROL - Comments: NOTED THE TALL GLASS DOOR COOLER UNABLE TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE TEMPERATURES. COOLER NOTED AT 46.2F WITH FOODS SUCH AS COOKED CHICKEN AT 55.7F. COOLER TAGGED HELD FOR INSPECTION AND MUST NOT USE UNTIL REPAIRED AND MAINTAINS A TEMPERATURE OF 41F OR BELOW. PRIORITY VIOLATION 7-38-005 CITATION ISSUED.; INSECTS, RODENTS, & ANIMALS NOT PRESENT - Comments: OBSERVED OVER 100 MICE DROPPINGS THROUGHOUT IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS: THROUGHOUT THE REAR DRY FOOD STORAGE ROOM, FLOORS BETWEEN WALK-IN COOLERS, BEHIND REAR BOX FREEZERS, THROUGHOUT REAR STORAGE ROOM, IN THE EMPLOYEE WASHROOM, THROUGHOUT THE FRONT PREP AND CASHIER ROOM. RECOMMEND HAVING THE PEST CONTROL CO. SERVICE FOR MICE, REMOVE ALL DROPPINGS AND SANITIZE ALL AFFECTED AREAS. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-38-020(A) CITATION ISSUED.; WIPING CLOTHS: PROPERLY USED & STORED - Comments: WIPING CLOTHS THROUGHOUT THE PREP AREA MUST BE HELD IN A CONTAINER WITH A SANITIZING SOLUTION.; SINGLE-USE/SINGLE-SERVICE ARTICLES: PROPERLY STORED & USED - Comments: ALL STORED ITEMS THROUGHOUT THE REAR MUST BE ELEVATED FROM THE FLOORS.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: MISSING FAN GUARD INSIDE THE WALK-IN COOLER. MUST REPLACE.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: MUST NOT USE PLASTIC GROCERY BAGS AS FOOD CONTAINERS IN ALL COOLERS AND FREEZERS. MUST USE WASHABLE CONTAINERS OR FOOD GRADE DISPOSABLE BAGS.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: ALL COOKS LINE EQUIPMENT WITH EXCESSIVE GREASE.----DIRTY FOOD ENCRUSTED METAL RACK SHELVING THROUGHOUT BOTH WALK-IN COOLERS, FOOD ENCRUSTED TABLE TOP CAN OPENER.----ALL BULK FOOD CONTAINERS DIRTY. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN ALL.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: ALL SHELVING THROUGHOUT THE ESTABLISHMENT DIRTY WITH GREASE AND FOOD DEBRIS.----MUST NOT USE CARDBOARD AS LINER FOR EQUIPMENT OR SHELVING.----WOODEN CABINET AT THE TWO COMPARTMENT SINK WITH EXCESSIVE FOOD SPLATTER. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.; GARBAGE & REFUSE PROPERLY DISPOSED; FACILITIES MAINTAINED - Comments: OUTSIDE WASTE RECEPTACLE NOTED WITH OVERFLOWING BAGS OF FOOD DEBRIS, FOOD GARBAGE. GROUNDS SURROUNDING THE CONTAINER AND THE GREASE RECEPTACLE PILED WITH DEBRIS, USED OIL CONTAINERS, EMPTY FOOD CONTAINERS AND OTHER ASSORTED DEBRIS. INSTRUCTED TO REMOVE ALL OVERFLOWING GARBAGE, ALL GARBAGE FROM THE SURROUNDING GROUNDS. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-38-020(B) CITATION ISSUED.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: FLOORS THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE FACILITY INCLUDING INSIDE THE WALK-IN COOLERS WITH DIRT, GREASE AND DEBRIS. MUST CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.----WATER DAMAGED CEILING TILES IN THE KITCHEN MUST BE REPLACED.; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: ALL UNUSED ITEMS STORED THROUGHOUT THE REAR MUST BE REMOVED FROM THE PREMISES.; ALL FOOD EMPLOYEES HAVE FOOD HANDLER TRAINING - Comments: NO PROOF OF FOOD HANDLER TRAINING OR CERTIFICATES FOR ALL REQUIRED EMPLOYEES. MUST PROVIDE.; ALLERGEN TRAINING AS REQUIRED - Comments: NO PROOF OF ALLERGEN TRAINING OR CERTIFICATE FOR THE CITY OF CHICAGO CERTIFIED FOOD MANAGER. MUST PROVIDE.; PREVIOUS CORE VIOLATION CORRECTED - Comments: PREVIOUS CORE VIOLATIONS FROM REPORT #2574519 ON 4-18-23 NOT CORRECTED. #38- NOTED REAR EXIT NOT RODENT PROOF WITH GAP AT THE BOTTOM OF DOOR (ABOUT 1/4 INCH). INSTRUCTED TO SEAL GAPS TO PREVENT ENTRY POINTS FOR PESTS.#39-: FOOD CONTAINERS STORED ON FLOOR IN PREP, STORAGE AND WALK-IN COOLER. MUST PROVIDE PROPER, RAISED SHELVING TO STORE FOOD CONTAINERS 6" OFF FLOOR.#44- NOTED KNIVES STORED BETWEEN PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO REMOVE, CLEAN AND STORE IN A KNIVE RACK OR KNIFE DRAWER.#47- NOTED ASSORTED FOOD ITEMS INSIDE COOLERS AND REFRIGERATION UNITS STORED INSIDE TIN CANS. INSTRUCTED TO PROPERLY STORE ALL FOOD ITEMS INSIDE APPROVED FOOD GRADE CONTAINERS.#49- NOTED STICKY, DIRTY RAILS WITH FOOD PARTICLES AND DEBRIS AT THE DOOR OF THE SERVICE PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO DETAIL CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.#53- NOTED WASH ROOMS ON PREMISE WITH GARBAGE RECEPTACLES AND NO LIDS. INSTRUCTED TO PROVIDE TRASH CANS WITH LIDS AT ALL WOMEN WASH ROOMS AND UNISEX WASH ROOMS. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION 7-42-090 CITATION ISSUED.; INSECTS, RODENTS, & ANIMALS NOT PRESENT - Comments: NOTED REAR EXIT NOT RODENT PROOF WITH GAP AT THE BOTTOM OF DOOR (ABOUT 1/4 INCH). INSTRUCTED TO SEAL GAPS TO PREVENT ENTRY POINTS FOR PESTS.; CONTAMINATION PREVENTED DURING FOOD PREPARATION, STORAGE & DISPLAY - Comments: FOOD CONTAINERS STORED ON FLOOR IN PREP, STORAGE AND WALK-IN COOLER. MUST PROVIDE PROPER, RAISED SHELVING TO STORE FOOD CONTAINERS 6" OFF FLOOR.; UTENSILS, EQUIPMENT & LINENS: PROPERLY STORED, DRIED, & HANDLED - Comments: NOTED KNIVES STORED BETWEEN PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO REMOVE, CLEAN AND STORE IN A KNIVE RACK OR KNIFE DRAWER.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: NOTED ASSORTED FOOD ITEMS INSIDE COOLERS AND REFRIGERATION UNITS STORED INSIDE TIN CANS. INSTRUCTED TO PROPERLY STORE ALL FOOD ITEMS INSIDE APPROVED FOOD GRADE CONTAINERS.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: NOTED STICKY, DIRTY RAILS WITH FOOD PARTICLES AND DEBRIS AT THE DOOR OF THE SERVICE PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO DETAIL CLEAN AND MAINTAIN; PLUMBING INSTALLED; PROPER BACKFLOW DEVICES - Comments: NOTED LEAKING FAUCET AT THE 3 COMPARTMENT SINK. INSTRUCTED TO REPAIR AND MAINTAIN.; TOILET FACILITIES: PROPERLY CONSTRUCTED, SUPPLIED, & CLEANED - Comments: NOTED WASH ROOMS ON PREMISE WITH GARBAGE RECEPTACLES AND NO LIDS. INSTRUCTED TO PROVIDE TRASH CANS WITH LIDS AT ALL WOMEN WASH ROOMS AND UNISEX WASH ROOMS; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: NOTED DIRTY AND DUSTY CEILING FANS AT THE REAR DISH WASHING AREA AND DRY STORAGE ROOMS. INSTRUCTED TO CLEAN AND MAINTAIN.; ADEQUATE HANDWASHING SINKS PROPERLY SUPPLIED AND ACCESSIBLE - Comments: NOTED NO PAPER TOWELS AT THE BATHROOM HAND WASH SINK. INSTRUCTED TO HAVE SOAP AND PAPER TOWELS AT ALL HAND WASHING SINKS. PRIORITY FOUNDATION #7-38-030(C). CITATION ISSUED.; ADEQUATE HANDWASHING SINKS PROPERLY SUPPLIED AND ACCESSIBLE - Comments: NOTED NO HAND WASH SINK THE FRONT PREP AREA (HAND WASH SINK REMOVED BY OWNER). ADDITIONAL HAND WASH SINK NEEDED. PRIORITY FOUNDATION VIOLATION #7-38-030(C). CITATION ISSUED.; INSECTS, RODENTS, & ANIMALS NOT PRESENT - Comments: NOTED REAR EXIT NOT RODENT PROOF WITH GAP AT THE BOTTOM OF DOOR (ABOUT 1/4 INCH). INSTRUCTED TO SEAL GAPS TO PREVENT ENTRY POINTS FOR PESTS.; CONTAMINATION PREVENTED DURING FOOD PREPARATION, STORAGE & DISPLAY - Comments: FOOD CONTAINERS STORED ON FLOOR IN PREP, STORAGE AND WALK-IN COOLER. MUST PROVIDE PROPER, RAISED SHELVING TO STORE FOOD CONTAINERS 6" OFF FLOOR.; UTENSILS, EQUIPMENT & LINENS: PROPERLY STORED, DRIED, & HANDLED - Comments: NOTED KNIVES STORED BETWEEN PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO REMOVE, CLEAN AND STORE IN A KNIVE RACK OR KNIFE DRAWER.; FOOD & NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEANABLE, PROPERLY DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED & USED - Comments: NOTED ASSORTED FOOD ITEMS INSIDE COOLERS AND REFRIGERATION UNITS STORED INSIDE TIN CANS. INSTRUCTED TO PROPERLY STORE ALL FOOD ITEMS INSIDE APPROVED FOOD GRADE CONTAINERS.; NON-FOOD/FOOD CONTACT SURFACES CLEAN - Comments: NOTED STICKY, DIRTY RAILS WITH FOOD PARTICLES AND DEBRIS AT THE DOOR OF THE SERVICE PREP COOLERS AT THE KITCHEN PREP AREA. INSTRUCTED TO DETAIL CLEAN AND MAINTAIN; PLUMBING INSTALLED; PROPER BACKFLOW DEVICES - Comments: NOTED LEAKING FAUCET AT THE 3 COMPARTMENT SINK. INSTRUCTED TO REPAIR AND MAINTAIN.; TOILET FACILITIES: PROPERLY CONSTRUCTED, SUPPLIED, & CLEANED - Comments: NOTED WASH ROOMS ON PREMISE WITH GARBAGE RECEPTACLES AND NO LIDS. INSTRUCTED TO PROVIDE TRASH CANS WITH LIDS AT ALL WOMEN WASH ROOMS AND UNISEX WASH ROOMS; PHYSICAL FACILITIES INSTALLED, MAINTAINED & CLEAN - Comments: NOTED DIRTY AND DUSTY CEILING FANS AT THE REAR DISH WASHING AREA AND DRY STORAGE ROOMS. INSTRUCTED TO CLEAN AND MAINTAIN..
Why are these violations concerning?
Fecal-oral transmission of pathogens occurs when hands are not properly washed after restroom use. Inadequate handwashing can transmit Norovirus, Hepatitis A, and other pathogens directly to food. Cockroaches can spread E. coli and Salmonella by contaminating food and surfaces. Flies can transfer pathogens from garbage and feces to food preparation areas. Inadequate handwashing can transmit Norovirus, Hepatitis A, and other pathogens directly to food.